Figure 21 outlines the morphological differences between Cro-Magnons and Neanderthals. In the following pages specific attention is attributed to the skull, pelvis and teeth.

As noted, the Neanderthals had a longer clavicle and a wider scapula to allow for more muscle attachments. They had significantly larger shoulder and elbow joints as well as a notably wider, larger rib cage. Their hands had much wider phalanges and fingertips. Their leg bones (femur and tibia) were larger in diameter with the tibia being shorter than that of Cro-Magnons. Their ankles were larger to account for the overall heavier body frame and they had wider feet with strong toes.

Figure 21: Comparison of Neanrthal and Cro Magnon