THE HANDY DANDY ARGUMENT GUIDE
These are the tools with which we all think. They are easy to use (once you know them) and are followed by a list of common fallacies, which are easy to avoid (again once you know them).
Tools
Acceptance of Independent Confirmation
Independent Confirmation
Falsifiability
Occam's Razor
Peer review
Science
Fallacies
Ad Hominem
Anecdotal Evidence
Appeal to Democracy
Appeal to Ignorance
Argument by Design or Misinterpretation of Complexity
Argument from Authority
False dichotomy
Inconsistent application of reason or Selective observation
Non Sequitur
Semantic Obfuscation or Poisoning the Well
Slippery Slope
Special Pleading
Strawman
Suppressed Evidence