Once the key tissue is exposed, the target genes are isolated through a polymerase chain reaction. These target genes are the small amounts of DNA that are physically extracted from the soft tissue. After two hours of amplification by the polymerase chain reaction, enough copies of the target genes are made, (millions of them) to proceed to the next step of sequencing which is the breaking down of the DNA strands into their respective bases to obtain the genetic code. (Cano et al. 1992.).


When it comes to isolating plant DNA from inclusions in Amber, it is a little bit more of a difficult process. The reason for this is that plant DNA's nucleic acids are often associated with powerful plant inhibitors that make it difficult for the DNA to be amplified for sequence reading, (the inhibitors are often bonded to the DNA and prevent the amplification process). Certain compounds can be added however that block the actions of the inhibitors and allow the DNA to be extracted and amplified for sequence studies, (Poincar 1993.).